<p style='text-align: justify;'>This Venetian edition of Peuerbach's <i>Theoricae novae </i>was copied from Apian's 1528 edition, printed in Ingolstadt. Subsequently, the work went through several further editions. Apian's edition added new woodcuts as well as notations to some of those from earlier editions. Some errors in the woodcuts in the 1528 edition were repeated in this Venetian edition of 1537. In the first editions of the <i>Theoricae novae</i> no diagram is specifically devoted to Venus. In the original edition (c. 1474) the figure of the orbs of the superior planets is simply labelled <i>Theorica trium superiorum et Veneris</i>, as it applies also to Venus. Oronce Fine, in his edition of Franciscus Capuanus' commentary on Peuerbach (Paris, 1515), was the first to illustrate the short chapter, <i>De Venere</i>. This Apian diagram is copied from one of Fine's diagrams (see Peuerbach, 1515, fol. 32r). Venus has three orbs, similar to the orbs of the superior planets. The outermost orb, printed black, is said to be 'deformed' (its two surfaces are not concentric): its exterior convex surface is concentric with the World, while the centre of its concave surface is the centre of the eccentric deferent. The innermost orb, printed black, is also 'deformed': the centre of its interior concave surface is the centre of the World, while the centre of its exterior convex surface is the centre of the eccentric deferent. These two deformed orbs are the deferent orbs of the apogee (<i>orbes augem deferentes</i>). The white orb sandwiched between these orbs is eccentric to the centre of the World on both its inner and outer surfaces. The centre of the epicycle is attached to the circle in the middle of this eccentric orb. The body of the planet is also shown on the circumference of the epicycle. The outermost circle probably represents the ecliptic. As in the case of the superior planets, the movement in longitude of the centre of the epicycle of Venus is not regular in relation to the centre of the eccentric, but to the centre of another circle, the eccentric equant. This centre is situated on the line of the apogee (or the axis of the deferent orbs of the apogee), as the centre of the World and the centre of the eccentric; it is as distant from this centre of the eccentric as the centre of the eccentric is distant from the centre of the World. The eccentric equant, intersecting with the eccentric deferent, has been drawn and the three centres are marked by three dots, labelled '<i>[centrum] aequantis</i>', '<i>[centrum] deferen[tis]</i>', '<i>[centrum] mundi</i>'. For a three-dimensional representation of the orbs of Venus, see Erasmus Oswald Schreckenfuchs' <i>Commentaria in novas theoricas planetarum Georgii Purbachii</i> (Basel: Henricus Petri, 1556), plate after p. 180.</p>
